营口高新密封材料有限公司

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密封填料（环）的装配调整方法

密封填料在机械装置是一个易损配件，其使用寿命长短与装配方法有密切关系，更换操作方法，可参考以下步骤：
一、在装配新填料前，须将用过的填料环以专用工具全部取出来并且要把填料箱擦拭干净，观察填料箱内各个部位有无磨损、偏心等缺陷，如不符合要求，应修复或更换；
二、将选择好的填料置于清洁的案板或纸上，防止粘附上泥沙或杂质；
三、在装配前，须以模具压型，其方法是把填料缠绕在与机器轴相同直径的木棒上，以锋利的刀按 45°或90°角进行切割，把切断的填料，装入与填料箱尺寸相同的模具内（为了便于装配，模具的内外径分别比填料箱大和小0.2毫米），置于压机上，以300～500kgf/cm2的压力压成环状；
四、将预压成环状的填料，表面涂以润滑脂，一个一个地装入填料箱内，每装一个环，使其切口相违120°角，以木质轴套，将填料环送入填料箱底，要压实压平行；
五、往复运动的机械，在填料箱内的两端和中间应放入导向环，以承受柱塞的重力和保持其同心运动；
六、为了提高密封效果，可采取选用两种或两种以上的填料或垫片进行混合装配；
七、填料环装配完毕后，将压盖装上，用拧紧压盖螺丝的办法，逐渐将填料压实；
八、正式运转前，先在无负荷的状态下试运转，观察有无异常现象，然后正式开车；开车后要细心观察，有无因压的不实，而泄漏严重，或因压的过紧，急剧产生摩擦热，烧坏填料的危险；
九、载负荷运转后，应随时细心观察，精心维护，冷却润滑系统，要保持正常，泄漏严重时，要采取拧紧压盖的措施，但不宜一次压的太紧。

Method for Fixing and Regulating the Gasketing Material(Ring)

     Gasketing material is a vulnerable accessory to machinery apparatus.The length of its service life is in close relation with the method of fixing therelf.When replacing the gasket,please refer to the following steps.
    Ⅰ.Before fixing new packing material,the used paceing material should be removed completely with special tools,and the box of pacding material should be mopped clean.Observe carefully to see if there is any partwithin the said box of packing material carrying any damage,wear or being off-centre.ln case of failure to be up to the required standard,the said box should bi repaired or replaced.
    Ⅱ.Put the selected gasketing material on clean board or paper so as to prevent it from being contaminated by dirt or impurity.
    Ⅲ.Before fixing,the gasketing material should be shaped by die-pressing.The method is:wind the gasketing material around a wooden stick with the same diameter as that ofof the related machine,and then cut it with sharp knife at an angle of 45°or 90°.
    Put the cut-out gasketing material into mould with the identical dimensions as these of the box of gasketing material(in order to make it convenient for fixing,the external and internal diameters of the mould are larger and smaller by 2mm than these of the gasketing-material box,respectively);and then use a pressor to press it(300-500 kg/cm2)into the shape of ring.
    Ⅳ.Apply lubricant resin on the pre-pressed ring-shaped gasketing material and then put into the box one by one.For each ring put into the box,put its cut surface at an off-angle of 120°,and use wooden a shaft sleeve to send the gasket rings to the bottom of the said gasket box.Press them securely into a parallel position to each other.
    Ⅴ.For reciprocal machines,there should be guide-rings at both ends and in the middle of the said gasket box so as to support the weight of the shaft or piston,and maintain its concentric movement.
Ⅵ.In order to enhance tight-sealing performance,it is preferential to select two or more gasket materials or cushion plates,and mix them for the said fixing.
    Ⅵ.In order to enhance tight-sealing performance,it is preferential to select two or more gasket materials or cushion plates,and mix them for the said fixing.
    Ⅶ.After completing the fixing of gasket rings,put back the pressure cover,ane tighten the screws of the said cover,thus make the gasket material compact.
Ⅷ.Before putting into regular operationn,try it under zero-load,and observe if there is anything abnormal.After putting into normal operation,it is still necessary to observe carefully to see if there is sudden friction-heat and the danger of ringburning as a result of ovet-compactness.
Ⅸ.After the machine is put into loaded operation,careful observation and maintenance fron tine to time is must.The cooling system should be maintained at normal state.ln case of serious eakage, measures should be taken to tighten the screws of the cover,but it is not abvisabie to tighten it too vigorously at a single time.

密封垫片的选型任何一种类型的垫片，在恶劣的使用环境中，要保证长时间的有效密封，都必须具备以下八个重要特性：抗渗透性：对于密封系统的介质，垫片在允许的温度和压力下应不渗透。可压缩性：垫片和法兰的接触面在连接螺栓紧固后，应能很好吻合，以保证密封。抗蠕形性：垫片在压力负荷和使用温度的影响下，抗蠕形性应较好，否则会造成螺栓扭矩损失，导致垫片的表面应力减小，从而引起系统泄漏。抗化学腐蚀：所选用的垫片应不受运用化学介质的腐蚀，而且不能污染介质。有弹性：即使在系统稳定的状况下，相连接的两个法兰由于温度和压力的影响肯定会存在微小位移，故垫片的弹性应能弥补此位移，以保证系统的密封性。抗黏附：垫片在使用后应能方便的从法兰上拆除。无腐蚀性：垫片应对连接的法兰表面无腐蚀性。耐温度：所选用的垫片应保证在系统的最低温度和最高温度下正常使用。
密封垫片的安装保证系统的密封除了要有好的密封材料外，还要按照以下正确的安装方式： ☆垫片必须安放在法兰的正中心，这点对于凸肩法兰尤其重要 ☆保证密封面的平整度和加工精度 ☆必须均匀对称的紧固连接螺栓 ☆必须使用金属垫圈以保证负荷均匀，紧固螺栓时使用扭力矩扳手 ☆在系统运行一天后，检查和重新校正连接螺栓的扭矩 ☆为保证垫片的使用寿命，请不要使用液体或金属基体的防粘剂或润滑剂